Phylogenetic relationships of millipedes in the subclass Penicillata (Diplopoda) with a key to the genera

Bristly millipedes (subclass Penicillata, order Polyxenida) are minute diplopods characterised by uncalcified cuticle and a body covered with unique tufts of bristles. The order is found worldwide and comprises less than 200 described species divided into three families, with many of the species and genera being poorly known. The first evolutionary analysis of the order presented here utilises both molecular (COI, 18S rRNA and 16S rRNA) and morphological data to examine monophyly of the families and subfamilies and the evolutionary relationships between them. Maximum likelihood analysis was based on molecular data only, whereas parsimony analyses were based on molecular data as well as combined morphological and molecular data. The results of these analyses with two different optimality criteria were incongruent in many aspects. Unlike parsimony, the likelihood result found strong support for a basal position of the family Synxenidae and separation of the order into two monophyletic clades corresponding to the two superfamilies Synxenoidea, containing the family Synxenidae, and Polyxenoidea, containing the families Polyxenidae and Lophoproctidae. Parsimony results did not support the existence of the two superfamilies. Both analyses resolved the family Synxenidae as monophyletic and Polyxenidae as polyphyletic, whereas the family Lophoproctidae was shown to be paraphyletic in likelihood and monophyletic in parsimony analysis. The subfamilies Monographinae and Polyxeninae were found to be monophyletic in the likelihood tree but parsimony suggested paraphyly of both. The results suggest that further revision of the systematics of the Polyxenida may be necessary. However, a much larger molecular data set will be necessary to clarify and provide stronger nodal support for phylogenetic trees and to confirm the relationships, particularly of the families Polyxenidae and Lophoproctidae. Molecular identification is likely to be an important tool for this taxonomically challenging order in future. A simplified key to the genera is provided.     

基于SIFT检测的Demons图像配准

提出一种计算简便且配准效率高的算法.通过拟牛顿对Demons算法里的目标函数进行优化,从而得出形变向量u的方法,阐明了此方法配准的高效性,同时再结合SIFT算法对配准结果的检测,便能很直接很直观地看出配准结果的好坏,避免了判断两幅图相似性的大量计算.实验验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

中国世界史编撰历程评析

中国世界史编撰历程可以分为六个阶段,从早期域外历史知识介绍、国外世界史专著编译、世界史编撰的最初尝试,经过建国后世界史编撰的全盘苏联化、新时期"整体世界史观"编撰模式的探索,直到今天多元化编撰模式初步形成。中国世界史编撰历程是与中国世界史学科从孕育、雏形构建、初步形成,再经过艰难转型直到今天初步成熟的发展过程相对应的。     

对加强高校网络廉政舆情处置的思考

网络廉政舆情是把双刃剑,有利有弊,对网络廉政舆情及时搜集、科学研判、处置得当,将有利于推进高校的纪检监察工作。当前存在诸多高校负面网络廉政舆情,高校纪检监察部门在处置负面网络廉政舆情方面存在诸多误区,要有效处置负面网络廉政舆情,高校纪检监察部门应确立正确的原则,构建相应的机制。     

关于我国情报学定量研究的理性思考

从科学研究方法论出发,分析了定量研究与定性研究的性质以及二者的区别与联系,指出了我国情报学定量研究应用中存在的问题,探讨了研究工具与对象的匹配、定性研究与定量研究的配合以及如何看待数学工具等问题。     

当今水墨画教学述评

水墨艺术作为中国文化的重要表征，经过千余年的洗练，具有传统文化的底蕴和中国独有的艺术韵味，不仅承载着数千年来中国文化的精神与审美内核，更饱含着中国文人内外兼修的高尚品德。中国传统水墨画具有认知、教育及审美的功能。水墨画课程不仅在美术学院开设，也逐渐进入其它类型的高校。实践证明，设计学科开设水墨专业课程抑或选修课程，经过熏陶，学生便能借助水墨的理念对设计作品进行诠释与演绎。因此开设中国水墨画课程，学生能够从中吸取有用的创造性元素，更能培养观察与思考问题的能力，以及创新的灵感与激情。     

A taxonomic review of the genus Exochus Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae) from South Korea with descriptions of ten new species

The South Korean species of the genus Exochus are revised. Ten new species, Exochus acostulatus Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus adentatus Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus areolaris Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus carinalis Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus dentisternum Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus depressus Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus nigritulus Lee & Choi sp. nov., Exochus occipitalis Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus orbitalis Lee & Choi, sp. nov. and Exochus propodealis Lee & Choi, sp. nov., are described. Also, 21 species of this genus are reviewed and newly recorded from South Korea, with diagnoses provided. A key to the South Korean species of Exochus and illustrations of external characters are provided.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B28700A7-9CA7-4AE7-9816-9C8F4CD46160     

2002-2012年中国林学基础研究热点分析——基于国家自然科学基金申请项目和资助项目关键词的研究

本文通过对2002-2012年国家自然科学基金委员会林学学科申请和资助项目的关键词进行共词分析,剖析了各关键词之间的关系,并借助对高频关键词的聚类分析和多维尺度分析,揭示了这11年来林学学科基础研究的热点及其内涵,探讨了目前被科学家忽视的重要科学问题.这一分析将为做好林学学科布局,促进学科均衡持续发展提供帮助.     

山西省松塔水电站枢纽工程导流泄洪洞工程地质条件及评价

在分析工程地质资料的基础上,对松塔水电站枢纽工程溢洪道工程地质条件进行了评价。